Apply and enforce more ruff rules (#2053)

* Apply ruff/Perflint rule PERF102

PERF102 When using only the keys of a dict use the `keys()` method

* Apply ruff/Perflint rule PERF401

PERF401 Use an async list comprehension to create a transformed list

* Apply ruff/flake8-pytest-style rule PT022

* Fix pre-commit warning

Ignore lint rules conflicting with the ruff formatter

* Apply ruff/pygrep-hooks rule PGH003

PGH003 Use specific rule codes when ignoring type issues

* Apply ruff/pygrep-hooks rule PGH004

PGH004 Use specific rule codes when using `noqa`

* Enforce ruff/pygrep-hooks rules (PGH)

* Apply ruff/flake8-comprehensions rule C417

C417 Unnecessary `map` usage (rewrite using a generator expression)

* Apply ruff/flake8-pyi rule PYI032

PYI032 Prefer `object` to `Any` for the second parameter to `__eq__`

* Apply ruff/flake8-pyi rule PYI036

PYI036 Returning Any from function

* Apply ruff/flake8-pyi rule PYI038

* Apply ruff/flake8-pyi rule PYI041

PYI041 Use `complex` instead of `float | complex`
PYI041 Use `float` instead of `int | float`

* Apply ruff/flake8-pyi rule PYI055

PYI055 Multiple `type` members in a union. Combine them into one.

pyproject.toml

@@ -207,18 +207,36 @@ extend-exclude = [
 
 [tool.ruff.lint]
 extend-select = [
-    "B",  # flake8-bugbear
-    "I",  # isort
-    "ISC",
-    "UP",  # pyupgrade
-    "RSE",
+    "B",   # flake8-bugbear
+    "I",   # isort
+    "ISC", # flake8-implicit-str-concat
+    "PGH", # pygrep-hooks
+    "PYI", # flake8-pyi
+    "RSE", # flake8-raise
     "RUF",
     "TCH", # flake8-type-checking
     "TRY", # tryceratops
+    "UP",  # pyupgrade
 ]
 ignore = [
+    "PYI013",
     "RUF005",
     "TRY003",
+    # https://docs.astral.sh/ruff/formatter/#conflicting-lint-rules
+    "W191",
+    "E111",
+    "E114",
+    "E117",
+    "D206",
+    "D300",
+    "Q000",
+    "Q001",
+    "Q002",
+    "Q003",
+    "COM812",
+    "COM819",
+    "ISC001",
+    "ISC002",
 ]
 
 [tool.mypy]

src/zarr/abc/store.py

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
 from asyncio import gather
 from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator, Iterable
+from types import TracebackType
 from typing import Any, NamedTuple, Protocol, runtime_checkable
 
 from typing_extensions import Self
@@ -35,7 +36,7 @@ class Store(ABC):
     _mode: AccessMode
     _is_open: bool
 
-    def __init__(self, mode: AccessModeLiteral = "r", *args: Any, **kwargs: Any):
+    def __init__(self, mode: AccessModeLiteral = "r", *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
         self._is_open = False
         self._mode = AccessMode.from_literal(mode)
 
@@ -49,7 +50,12 @@ def __enter__(self) -> Self:
         """Enter a context manager that will close the store upon exiting."""
         return self
 
-    def __exit__(self, *args: Any) -> None:
+    def __exit__(
+        self,
+        exc_type: type[BaseException] | None,
+        exc_value: BaseException | None,
+        traceback: TracebackType | None,
+    ) -> None:
         """Close the store."""
         self.close()
 

src/zarr/api/asynchronous.py

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 import asyncio
 import warnings
-from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, Union, cast
+from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal, cast
 
 import numpy as np
 import numpy.typing as npt
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@
     from zarr.core.buffer import NDArrayLike
     from zarr.core.chunk_key_encodings import ChunkKeyEncoding
 
+    # TODO: this type could use some more thought
+    ArrayLike = AsyncArray | Array | npt.NDArray[Any]
+    PathLike = str
+
 __all__ = [
     "consolidate_metadata",
     "copy",
@@ -53,10 +57,6 @@
     "zeros_like",
 ]
 
-# TODO: this type could use some more thought, noqa to avoid "Variable "asynchronous.ArrayLike" is not valid as a type"
-ArrayLike = Union[AsyncArray | Array | npt.NDArray[Any]]  # noqa
-PathLike = str
-
 
 def _get_shape_chunks(a: ArrayLike | Any) -> tuple[ChunkCoords | None, ChunkCoords | None]:
     """helper function to get the shape and chunks from an array-like object"""

src/zarr/codecs/transpose.py

@@ -96,16 +96,14 @@ async def _decode_single(
         chunk_spec: ArraySpec,
     ) -> NDBuffer:
         inverse_order = np.argsort(self.order)
-        chunk_array = chunk_array.transpose(inverse_order)
-        return chunk_array
+        return chunk_array.transpose(inverse_order)
 
     async def _encode_single(
         self,
         chunk_array: NDBuffer,
         _chunk_spec: ArraySpec,
     ) -> NDBuffer | None:
-        chunk_array = chunk_array.transpose(self.order)
-        return chunk_array
+        return chunk_array.transpose(self.order)
 
     def compute_encoded_size(self, input_byte_length: int, _chunk_spec: ArraySpec) -> int:
         return input_byte_length

src/zarr/core/array.py

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ def __init__(
         metadata: ArrayMetadata,
         store_path: StorePath,
         order: Literal["C", "F"] | None = None,
-    ):
+    ) -> None:
         metadata_parsed = parse_array_metadata(metadata)
         order_parsed = parse_indexing_order(order or config.get("array.order"))
 
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ async def _create_v2(
         dtype: npt.DTypeLike,
         chunks: ChunkCoords,
         dimension_separator: Literal[".", "/"] | None = None,
-        fill_value: None | int | float = None,
+        fill_value: None | float = None,
         order: Literal["C", "F"] | None = None,
         filters: list[dict[str, JSON]] | None = None,
         compressor: dict[str, JSON] | None = None,
@@ -331,8 +331,7 @@ def from_dict(
         data: dict[str, JSON],
     ) -> AsyncArray:
         metadata = parse_array_metadata(data)
-        async_array = cls(metadata=metadata, store_path=store_path)
-        return async_array
+        return cls(metadata=metadata, store_path=store_path)
 
     @classmethod
     async def open(

src/zarr/core/attributes.py

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 
 
 class Attributes(MutableMapping[str, JSON]):
-    def __init__(self, obj: Array | Group):
+    def __init__(self, obj: Array | Group) -> None:
         # key=".zattrs", read_only=False, cache=True, synchronizer=None
         self._obj = obj
 

src/zarr/core/buffer/core.py

@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ def ravel(self, order: Literal["K", "A", "C", "F"] = ...) -> Self: ...
 
     def all(self) -> bool: ...
 
-    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> Self:  # type: ignore[explicit-override, override]
+    def __eq__(self, other: object) -> Self:  # type: ignore[explicit-override, override]
         """Element-wise equal
 
         Notes
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ class Buffer(ABC):
         array-like object that must be 1-dim, contiguous, and byte dtype.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, array_like: ArrayLike):
+    def __init__(self, array_like: ArrayLike) -> None:
         if array_like.ndim != 1:
             raise ValueError("array_like: only 1-dim allowed")
         if array_like.dtype != np.dtype("b"):
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ class NDBuffer:
         ndarray-like object that is convertible to a regular Numpy array.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, array: NDArrayLike):
+    def __init__(self, array: NDArrayLike) -> None:
         # assert array.ndim > 0
         assert array.dtype != object
         self._data = array

src/zarr/core/buffer/cpu.py

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class Buffer(core.Buffer):
         array-like object that must be 1-dim, contiguous, and byte dtype.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, array_like: ArrayLike):
+    def __init__(self, array_like: ArrayLike) -> None:
         super().__init__(array_like)
 
     @classmethod
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ class NDBuffer(core.NDBuffer):
         ndarray-like object that is convertible to a regular Numpy array.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, array: NDArrayLike):
+    def __init__(self, array: NDArrayLike) -> None:
         super().__init__(array)
 
     @classmethod

src/zarr/core/buffer/gpu.py

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class Buffer(core.Buffer):
         array-like object that must be 1-dim, contiguous, and byte dtype.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, array_like: ArrayLike):
+    def __init__(self, array_like: ArrayLike) -> None:
         if cp is None:
             raise ImportError(
                 "Cannot use zarr.buffer.gpu.Buffer without cupy. Please install cupy."
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ class NDBuffer(core.NDBuffer):
         ndarray-like object that is convertible to a regular Numpy array.
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, array: NDArrayLike):
+    def __init__(self, array: NDArrayLike) -> None:
         if cp is None:
             raise ImportError(
                 "Cannot use zarr.buffer.gpu.NDBuffer without cupy. Please install cupy."

src/zarr/core/group.py

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def parse_zarr_format(data: Any) -> ZarrFormat:
 def parse_attributes(data: Any) -> dict[str, Any]:
     if data is None:
         return {}
-    elif isinstance(data, dict) and all(map(lambda v: isinstance(v, str), data.keys())):
+    elif isinstance(data, dict) and all(isinstance(k, str) for k in data):
         return data
     msg = f"Expected dict with string keys. Got {type(data)} instead."
     raise TypeError(msg)
@@ -104,7 +104,9 @@ def to_buffer_dict(self, prototype: BufferPrototype) -> dict[str, Buffer]:
                 ),
             }
 
-    def __init__(self, attributes: dict[str, Any] | None = None, zarr_format: ZarrFormat = 3):
+    def __init__(
+        self, attributes: dict[str, Any] | None = None, zarr_format: ZarrFormat = 3
+    ) -> None:
         attributes_parsed = parse_attributes(attributes)
         zarr_format_parsed = parse_zarr_format(zarr_format)
 
@@ -202,11 +204,10 @@ def from_dict(
         store_path: StorePath,
         data: dict[str, Any],
     ) -> AsyncGroup:
-        group = cls(
+        return cls(
             metadata=GroupMetadata.from_dict(data),
             store_path=store_path,
         )
-        return group
 
     async def getitem(
         self,
@@ -888,8 +889,7 @@ def members(self, max_depth: int | None = 0) -> tuple[tuple[str, Array | Group],
         """
         _members = self._sync_iter(self._async_group.members(max_depth=max_depth))
 
-        result = tuple(map(lambda kv: (kv[0], _parse_async_node(kv[1])), _members))
-        return result
+        return tuple((kv[0], _parse_async_node(kv[1])) for kv in _members)
 
     def __contains__(self, member: str) -> bool:
         return self._sync(self._async_group.contains(member))

src/zarr/core/indexing.py

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ class ArrayIndexError(IndexError):
 class BoundsCheckError(IndexError):
     _msg = ""
 
-    def __init__(self, dim_len: int):
+    def __init__(self, dim_len: int) -> None:
         self._msg = f"index out of bounds for dimension with length {dim_len}"
 
 
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ class IntDimIndexer:
     dim_chunk_len: int
     nitems: int = 1
 
-    def __init__(self, dim_sel: int, dim_len: int, dim_chunk_len: int):
+    def __init__(self, dim_sel: int, dim_len: int, dim_chunk_len: int) -> None:
         object.__setattr__(self, "dim_sel", normalize_integer_selection(dim_sel, dim_len))
         object.__setattr__(self, "dim_len", dim_len)
         object.__setattr__(self, "dim_chunk_len", dim_chunk_len)
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ class SliceDimIndexer:
     stop: int
     step: int
 
-    def __init__(self, dim_sel: slice, dim_len: int, dim_chunk_len: int):
+    def __init__(self, dim_sel: slice, dim_len: int, dim_chunk_len: int) -> None:
         # normalize
         start, stop, step = dim_sel.indices(dim_len)
         if step < 1:
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@ def __init__(
         selection: BasicSelection,
         shape: ChunkCoords,
         chunk_grid: ChunkGrid,
-    ):
+    ) -> None:
         chunk_shape = get_chunk_shape(chunk_grid)
         # handle ellipsis
         selection_normalized = replace_ellipsis(selection, shape)
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ class BoolArrayDimIndexer:
     nitems: int
     dim_chunk_ixs: npt.NDArray[np.intp]
 
-    def __init__(self, dim_sel: npt.NDArray[np.bool_], dim_len: int, dim_chunk_len: int):
+    def __init__(self, dim_sel: npt.NDArray[np.bool_], dim_len: int, dim_chunk_len: int) -> None:
         # check number of dimensions
         if not is_bool_array(dim_sel, 1):
             raise IndexError("Boolean arrays in an orthogonal selection must be 1-dimensional only")
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ def __init__(
         wraparound: bool = True,
         boundscheck: bool = True,
         order: Order = Order.UNKNOWN,
-    ):
+    ) -> None:
         # ensure 1d array
         dim_sel = np.asanyarray(dim_sel)
         if not is_integer_array(dim_sel, 1):
@@ -766,7 +766,7 @@ class OrthogonalIndexer(Indexer):
     is_advanced: bool
     drop_axes: tuple[int, ...]
 
-    def __init__(self, selection: Selection, shape: ChunkCoords, chunk_grid: ChunkGrid):
+    def __init__(self, selection: Selection, shape: ChunkCoords, chunk_grid: ChunkGrid) -> None:
         chunk_shape = get_chunk_shape(chunk_grid)
 
         # handle ellipsis
@@ -880,7 +880,9 @@ class BlockIndexer(Indexer):
     shape: ChunkCoords
     drop_axes: ChunkCoords
 
-    def __init__(self, selection: BasicSelection, shape: ChunkCoords, chunk_grid: ChunkGrid):
+    def __init__(
+        self, selection: BasicSelection, shape: ChunkCoords, chunk_grid: ChunkGrid
+    ) -> None:
         chunk_shape = get_chunk_shape(chunk_grid)
 
         # handle ellipsis
@@ -1005,7 +1007,9 @@ class CoordinateIndexer(Indexer):
     chunk_shape: ChunkCoords
     drop_axes: ChunkCoords
 
-    def __init__(self, selection: CoordinateSelection, shape: ChunkCoords, chunk_grid: ChunkGrid):
+    def __init__(
+        self, selection: CoordinateSelection, shape: ChunkCoords, chunk_grid: ChunkGrid
+    ) -> None:
         chunk_shape = get_chunk_shape(chunk_grid)
 
         cdata_shape: ChunkCoords
@@ -1122,7 +1126,7 @@ def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[ChunkProjection]:
 
 @dataclass(frozen=True)
 class MaskIndexer(CoordinateIndexer):
-    def __init__(self, selection: MaskSelection, shape: ChunkCoords, chunk_grid: ChunkGrid):
+    def __init__(self, selection: MaskSelection, shape: ChunkCoords, chunk_grid: ChunkGrid) -> None:
         # some initial normalization
         selection_normalized = cast(tuple[MaskSelection], ensure_tuple(selection))
         selection_normalized = cast(tuple[MaskSelection], replace_lists(selection_normalized))