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#Git Lecture Notes

##Topics Discussed

  • SSH, public key authentication.
  • Version Control
  • Git Basics
  • Git Workflow
  • Github
  • Extra git commands
  • Git GUI's

##SSH

###Installing ssh sudo apt-get install openssh ###Connecting to server $ ssh username@hostname ###Public key authentication ssh-keygen -t rsa The private key is at ~/.ssh/id_rsa while the private key is at ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub The server needs your public key to authenticate the connection.

##Version Control

  • central VCS v/s Distributed VCS
  • Why Version Control
    • Helps remember history of project
    • Move back and forth in history
    • Any break in code can be fixed easily
    • Any bugs introduced can be traced back to the code that made it
  • Examples : svn, cvs, mercurial, bzr, etc

##Git Basics This is just a simple walkthrough. You are encouraged to try out these steps on your own.

  • git init creates a new repository
  • git add <filename> adds files to index
  • git add . adds everything to index
  • git commit creates a commit
  • git commit -a adds all modified files to the index and starts a commit
  • A blank commit message aborts the commit
  • git checkout <??> changes your working directory to a commit/tag/branch
  • git checkout -b branchname creates a new branch and shifts to it
  • git branch shows a list of all branches & the current branch
  • git merge branchname merges the branch with the current branch
  • git tag marks a tag for the current commit

##Little of git-jargon Read more over here

  • branch is an active line of development.
  • commit is a snapshot of the working directory
  • tag is an alias of a particular commit
  • HEAD is a pointer to the current checked out branch
  • tree is the internal representation of working directory in git
  • blob is the internal representation of files in git
  • index is a staging area for the commit in progress

##Git workflow Mainly from here
Topics include branches, stable, hotfix, release, development, feature branch etc.

##Github

  • http://github.com is an awesome site that allows people to share code, projects and colloborate easily using git.
  • Create an account
  • Setting up ssh-keys
  • Creating repository
  • Setting remotes
  • push, pull, fetch, merge
  • Github gem

##Some other things

  • git log allows you to see your history
  • git log --oneline gives single line history
  • git log --pretty gives better output
  • git log --graph shows your commit graph
  • Git GUI Systems - gitg, git-cola, qgit, giggle and the windows git-gui as well.
  • .gitignore file to store system specific stuff (configuration, databases, temp files, cache, build)

##Redmine

  • Create user accounts
  • git config user.name and git config user.email should be setup
  • Pass along the public keys (via email)

#Resources on Git