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InstallationGuide.md

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Installation Guide

Notes to install Windows alongside Arch Linux (using GNOME)

Requirements

  • Windows USB set with Windows tool
  • Arch Linux ISO set with Rufus
    • Partition Scheme: MBR
  • BIOS configured:
    • Disable fast boot: Advanced Mode > Boot > Boot Configuration > Fast Boot > Disabled
    • Disable CSM: Advanced Mode > Boot > CSM > Launch CSM > Disabled
    • Configure Secure boot:
      • Advanced Mode > Boot > Secure Boot > OS Type > Other OS
      • Advanced Mode > Boot > Secure Boot > Secure Boot Mode > Custom
    • Make sure that RAM is using the right profile.
      • This might require using latest BIOS FW, otherwise, it might result in the OS crashing
        • For Windows, it is a blue screen
        • For Linux, it just froze

Windows Installation

  1. Install with custom installation
  2. Delete all partitions
  3. Allocate memory for your Windows partition
  4. Allocate the unallocated space into an empty partition, which will be later used for Arch
  5. Finish installation
  6. Disable Fast Boot from Windows
    1. Settings > System > Power & Sleep > Additional power settings > Choose what power buttons do > Untick Fast Boot

Arch Installation

Pre-Installation

  1. Boot the USB
  2. Set the console keyboard layout: loadkeys es
  3. Verify the boot mode: ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
    1. If the command shows the directory without error, then the system is booted in UEFI mode. If the directory does not exist, the system may be booted in BIOS (or CSM) mode.
  4. Connect to the internet:
    1. Verify that your connection is up: ip link
      1. If the desired interface does not show as up: ip set dev <interface> up
  5. Update the system clock: timedatectl
  6. List disk partitions: fdisk -l. We need to identify the following partitions:
    1. An EFI System partition: It should have been generated during Windows installation (usually sda1 or nvme0n1p1)
    2. A root partition: The free partition that we made during Windows installation with type labeled as “Microsoft basic data” (usually sda5 or nvme0n1p5)
  7. Format the disk partition: mkfs.ext4 /dev/<root_partition>
  8. Mount the file systems:
    1. Root partition: mount /dev/<root_partition> /mnt
    2. EFI partition: mount --mkdir /dev/<efi_partition> /mnt/efi

Installation

  1. Install essential packages: pacstrap -K /mnt base linux linux-firmware

Configure the System

  1. Fstab: genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab

    The fstab file can be used to define how disk partitions, various other block devices, or remote file systems should be mounted into the file system.

  2. Chroot: arch-chroot /mnt

    chroot is an operation that changes the apparent root directory for the current running process and their children.

  3. Time zone:
    1. ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Madrid /etc/localtime
    2. hwclock --systohc
  4. Install nano: pacman -S nano
  5. Localization:
    1. Edit /etc/locale.gen: nano /etc/locale.gen
      1. Uncomment en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
    2. Generate the locales: locale-gen
    3. Create the locale.conf file, and set the LANG variable accordingly:
      1. nano /etc/locale.conf

        LANG=en_US.UTF-8

    4. Set console keyboard layout:
      1. nano /etc/vconsole.conf

        KEYMAP=es

  6. Network Configuration
    1. Create the hostname file:
      1. nano /etc/hostname

        Zephyr

    2. Install and set NetworkManager:
      1. pacman -S networkmanager
      2. systemctl enable NetworkManager
  7. Recreate the initramfs image: mkinitcpio -P
  8. Set the root password: passwd
  9. Configure the bootloader, GRUB
    1. Install the necessary packages: pacman -S grub os-prober efibootmgr
    2. To recognize other OSs, edit /etc/default/grub and add/uncomment: GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER=false
    3. Mount EFI partition:mount /dev/<efi_partition> /efi
      1. This may be not required since its already mounted
    4. Install GRUB EFI application: grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB
    5. Use the grub-mkconfig tool to generate /boot/grub/grub.cfg: grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
  10. Enable Microcode
    1. Install the correct package intel/amd) : pacman -S amd-ucode
    2. Reconfigure GRUB: grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
  11. Exit arch: Ctrl + d
  12. Unmount partitions: umount -R /mnt
  13. Reboot
  14. Log in with: root -

Post-Installation: General Recommendations

System Administration

  1. Add your user to a group : useradd -m -G wheel -s /bin/bash sergio
  2. Set a password: passwd sergio
  3. Set up sudo:
    1. Install the package: pacman -S sudo
    2. Configure it: EDITOR=nano visudo
      1. Uncomment the line: %wheel ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL

Graphical User Interface

  1. Display server, Xorg or Wayland

    1. Identify your GPU: lspci -v | grep -A1 -e VGA -e 3D

    2. Install the proper drivers: pacman -S nvidia nvidia-utils

      For the Turing (NV160/TUXXX) series or newer the nvidia-open package may be installed for open source kernel modules on the linux kernel (On other kernels nvidia-open-dkms must be used).

    3. Install a display server:

      • Wayland: pacman -S wayland weston
      • Xorg: pacman -S xorg-server xorg-apps
  2. Desktop environment, GNOME
    1. Install the necessary packages pacman -S gnome gnome-extra
      1. Use default config
    2. Enable it: systemctl enable gdm.service
    3. Reboot

Fine-Tuning

Linux

Keyboard Layout

  1. Settings > Keyboard > Add "Spanish" input source and remove the others

Workspaces on All Displays

  1. Settings > Multitasking > Multi-Monitor > Workspaces on all displays

Bluetooth

  1. Install necessary packages for blueetooth (pulseaudio and bluedoid might also be required): 
    sudo pacman -S pulseaudio pulseaudio-alsa pulseaudio-bluetooth blueberry bluez bluez-utils
  2. Enable and start the service 
    systemctl start bluetooth.service
systemctl enable bluetooth.service

AUR Helper

  • paru
  • yay
    • Uncomment Color option from /etc/pacman.conf

Grub Customization

  • Use Grub Customizer to rename the entries and order
  • Change grub-theme: 
    git clone https://github.com/vinceliuice/grub2-themes
cd grub2-themes
sudo ./install.sh -t vimix -b

Keyboard Shortcuts

  1. Go to Settings > Keyboard Shortcuts > View and Customize Shortcuts
    1. Settings > Keyboard Shortcuts> Set "Switch windows" to Alt+Tab.
    2. Set Ctrl+Alt+T to open alacritty.

Change Mirrors

  1. Install reflector: sudo pacman -S reflector rsync
  2. Sort the 30 most recently synchronized mirrors by download speed and overwrite the local mirrorlist: sudo reflector --latest 50 --sort rate --save /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist

Fix espflash "Permission Denied" or "Port doesn’t exist" errors

  1. Run: sudo usermod -a -G "$(stat -c "%G" /dev/ttyUSB0)" $USER
    • Port may need to be updated

Setup Docker

  1. Enable the daemon: systemctl enable docker
  2. Create the docker group: sudo groupadd docker
  3. Add your user to the docker group: sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
  4. Reboot
  5. Verify that you can run docker commands without sudo.

qBitTorrent

  1. Enable Search plugin: View > Search Engine
  2. Go to the Search tab. Search plugins> Check for updates.
  3. Install any other plugin

Vale Config in VS Code

  1. Clone the git repo with vale rules
  2. Initialize it: vale sync
  3. Configure VS Code vale.valeCLI.config configuration to point at the .vale.ini of the cloned repo.

Fix Dualboot Time Issue in Windows:

In Linux:

timedatectl set-local-rtc 1 --adjust-system-clock

On Windows, make sure the time is automatically set

Windows

Configure Mouse Acceleration

  1. Go to Bluetooth & devices > Mouse > Additional mouse settings
  2. Switch to the Pointer Options tab, then untick the Enhanced pointer precision box.

Update Displays Frequency

  1. Right click on desktop > Display settings > Choose the display > Update the Choose a refresh rate field

League of Legends Resets to Full Screen:

  1. Edit C:\Riot Games\League of Legends\Config\game.cfg file
    • Set WindowMode to 2 instead of 0
  2. Set C:\Riot Games\League of Legends\Config\game.cfg to read-only
    • Right click > Properties > Check the Read-only attribute

qBitTorrent

  1. Enable Search plugin: View > Search Engine
  2. Go to the Search tab. Search plugins > Check for updates.
  3. Install any other plugin

PowerToys

  1. Disable Win+Space shortcut
    • Open PowerToys > Keyboard manager > Enable it > Remap a shortcut
      • Select: Win (Left) + Space
      • To send: Disable

Nvidia GeForce

  1. Disable Performance Overlay: Settings > General > Turn off In-game Overlay